Vulkan will improve DOOM via the following features:

Asynchronous Shaders, where commands can be submitted without waiting for the completion of other tasks by utilizing Polaris GPU architectures as well as the Asynchronous Compute Engines of Graphics Core Next Shader Intrinsics, where developers can access graphics hardware instructions directly Frame Flip Optimizations, where the frame moves directly to the display rather than copying and saving first

Shader Intrinsics have been used before on gaming consoles to improve GPU performance, and AMD now brings this technology to the PC through Vulkan. Overall, the features aim to improve the game-playing experience for DOOM through Vulkan implementation.